Women Were Not Recognized As Citizens - 1344 Words

Women were not recognized as citizens in Ancient Greece. During the â€Å"Golden Age†, women had no rights to entitlement as a results, women were only viewed to only applaud men without questioning, these perspectives resulted in the absolute faith and admiration in what a male was considered to be a god-like- figure. In the ancient Greek play, â€Å"Antigone† written by Sophocles, Antigone, Daughter of Oedipus, was able to oppose what men have a set notation of what and how the â€Å"ideal† woman should conduct and present oneself in the community. This opposition resulted in the in the questioning of why Antigone was unable to be an â€Å"ideal† woman during this era. Women in Ancient Greece had very few rights. Women were underneath the manipulation and law reassurance of their monogynist companion, father, or any other male that came into the presence of a female. Which was considered as the â€Å"ideal† woman should have been â€Å"seen and not heard†. In the case of Antigone, she was able to show that she more than a muzzled female who lacked personalized individuality by standing up for what she believed was morally correct to her and the prophets. Antigone states, â€Å"He has no right to keep me from my own (59)†. Referring to Creon, the King of Thebes, who enforced man-made- laws to bury one of Antigone’s brother with an honorable discharge but emphasized that the expired physique of Polynices should be left for â€Å"birds that scan the field and feast to their hearts content (36)†. When reading theShow MoreRelatedAthens †¦Democracy Realized?. . . Gregory R. Bowen. History1656 Words   |  7 Pages While it was practiced as a direct democracy, with all eligible citizens having the right to vote, the question of just how democratic it really was, must be asked. Who was eligible to vote and participate in political life? What role did women, slaves, and foreigners play in Athens? How accessible was the ability to vote? The answers to these questions will show that while the Athenians practiced a government in which its citizens had more say in their lives and the city itself, than the predominantRead MoreThe Reform Of Hammurabi s Code896 Words   |  4 Pageswhich it was implemented, however it also added to the existing socioeconomic and gender divisions that were already existent in Babylonian society at the time. Codes 209 and 211 both state that if a man harms a woman, causing her to have a miscarriage, he has to pay a fine. However, code 211 goes on to specify that if the woman is a commoner, the fine is less than what it would be if she were not. From these two code s, it is evident that the different social classes are both viewed and treatedRead MoreAncient Athens : The Birthplace Of Democracy1378 Words   |  6 Pagesbirthplace of democracy. Nevertheless, in this paper I argue that there are aspects that show that Athenians were not truly democratic because of the restrictions imposed on citizenship such as; age requirement, only males allowed, and the requirement of a birth measure meaning that double descent was required from both an Athenian mother and an Athenian father to be recognized as a citizen regardless of one’s birthplace. It is antithetical to classify the political system of Ancient Athens as aRead MoreThe United States1489 Words   |  6 Pagestoward the population. Though all citizens are not exactly the same, they allegedly are judged uniformly under the law. Some Americans might have more intergenerational wealth while others have less or none at all and some may have different ethnic and cultural upbringing which is separate from mainstream American culture; but all citizens of the United States have identical intrinsic entitlements as Americans. The word equality refers to a multitude of ways citizens can be viewed and treated equallyRead MoreFrance Bans the Muslim Burqa and Veil Essays1466 Words   |  6 PagesWithin the Middle East, the largest population of the men and women are Muslim. The Muslim religion suggests that women wear a veil or hijab, which is a head scarf that only exposes a woman’s eyes, accompanied by a burqa which is a full body cloak. The sole purpose of the clothing is to cover a woman’s feminine features from men’s eyes. The Qur’an, an Islamic scripture, supports and slightly obligates the uniform by saying that women are to be conservative, â€Å"let them wear their head covering overRead MoreEssay about Focus on Lesbian Lives in Movie, If These Walls Could Talk966 Words   |  4 PagesTalk 2 focuses on lesbian lives over a forty year period, framed within a single house. This movie is an issue-driven and thoughtful drama about some of the challenges lesbians face, and the change in cultural attitudes over time towards women who love women. Women having to play a traditional role in life and not able to be themselves violate the Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. The debate over same-sex marriage is not only a moral debate but a legal debate over whether same-sexRead MoreWomen Suffrage Essay1257 Words   |  6 PagesWomen Suffrage Women’s rights in America have always been a major issue throughout history. Women’s rights have been closely linked with human rights throughout . This violation of Women’s rights is apparent in the fight for suffrage in the late 1800’s-early 1900’s . It can be said that the government denying the vote to women is a human right offense because the right to vote is a natural right that comes with citizenship. To deny a certain group based on race, age, or gender isRead MoreMacedonian Culture And Greek Culture1442 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar to the Greek culture. In both cultures, women have an important role in the society: they are free and are perfectly able to live without men. The position of women in the society is quite similar in the Greek culture and the Macedonian culture. Yet, it is also true that only Spartan women are similar to the Macedonian women. They are the only ones who have such a great liberty and power comparing to the other polis. By 600 BCE in Sparta, women had a lot of free time. Their husbands spentRead MoreWoodrow Wilson, Carrie Chapman Catt, And Susan B. Anthony1407 Words   |  6 Pagesexpresses the opinion he holds about the lack of control over women being able to vote; he prioritizes the use of logos to create an argument consisting of present fact and his own belief of how the rest of the world will see them as a nation if they do not ratify the Nineteenth Amendment. Catt’s The Crisis analyzes her present issue of the acknowledgement of women’s suffrage. Catt explains that through the ackn owledgement of women’s suffrage, women have been given more freedom, yet not the same equalityRead MoreAthenian Society1561 Words   |  7 PagesGreek Athenian philosopher called Socrates. People also recognized him as one of the founders of the western philosophy. His works have inspired many people from time to time, especially writers. Another Important Individual in the classical Athenian society was Socrates student, Plato. Plato was also known for his sophisticated works in philosophy. In addition to being well known as a writer of Philosophical dialogues, People also recognized Plato for his work in mathematics. Plato was also the founder

Paper 2 - the Rise of Fundamentalism - 1726 Words

PAPER 2 – THE RISE OF FUNDAMENTALISM PRESENTED TO PROFESSOR MARK NICKENS FOR CHHI 302 – DO1 BY REV. JOSEPH T. WHITAKER, III LU23755920 LIBERTY UNIVERSITY LYNCHBURG VIRGINIA NOVEMBER 19, 2014 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 THE RISE OF FUNDAMENTALISM -------------------------------------------------------------------- THE CHRISTIAN REACTION TO DARWINISM AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC THEORIES— THE RISE OF HIGHER CRITICISM OF THE†¦show more content†¦The modern day controversies that have challenged the integrity of God’s Word have necessitated the question of whether fundamentalism was ever sanctioned and orchestrated by God. The Holy Bible and historical reflection, and even, present day scientific data reveal that the origin of fundamentalism and its ongoing transformation is in fact God’s healthy apparatus to preserve the integrity of the factual claims of Scripture. Thus, the rise of fundamentalism is God’s manifestation to combat such spiritual apparitions as higher criticism and the contamination of the world’s social gospel. The Rise of Fundamentalism Church history reveals that a number of serious biblical doctrinal controversies occurred during the late 1800s and early 1900s that gave occasion for the formulation of certain fundamentalist principals to be implemented as a clarification and remedy against unbiblical manifestations. The authority of the Bible was brought into serious question. During the years of 1910-1915 a Protestant layman, Lyman Stewart brought the word fundamentalism into focus in his effort to champion the integrity of Scripture. Mr. Stewart produced a series of pamphlets that were called The Fundamentals. 3 Lyman Stewart advocated for a literalShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Charles Finney s The Reality Of Free Will 1422 Words   |  6 Pages 163). To understand the real weakness, is to understand the definition of fundamentalism, which is part of the media today. Referring to groups who react to modernism in a militant way. Modern Islamic jihadists are described as â€Å"Islam ic fundamentalists†. And many unhelpful comparisons made between such persons and Christian fundamentalism. However, fundamentalism involves the conservative Protestant reaction to the rise of liberal Protestantism. Resulting more by belief and more by mood, representsRead MoreEssay on Fundamentalism and Inerrancy of Scripture5400 Words   |  22 Pages A Paper Submitted to Dr. Homer Massey In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course History of Christianity II CHHI 525 By, Johnny walker INERRANCY OF THE SCRIPTURES Outline Fundamentalism is a type of religious reaction to all forms of modernity. Within Christianity this phenomenon is mostly characteristic of Protestantism but is also found in Catholicism. In fact, the term fundamentalism was coined in the UnitedRead MoreIslamic Fundamentalism5550 Words   |  23 PagesIslamic Fundamentalism Contest Introduction I. Islam as a Religion II. Islamic Fundamentalism 3.1. Defining Fundamentalism and the Backgrounds of Islamic Fundamentalism 3.2. Islamic fundamentalist movements Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world and is second only to Christianity in number of adherents. Muslims live in all parts of the world, but the majority of Muslims are concentrated in the Middle East andRead MoreIslamic Fundamentalism5541 Words   |  23 PagesIslamic Fundamentalism Contest Introduction I. Islam as a Religion II. Islamic Fundamentalism 3.1. Defining Fundamentalism and the Backgrounds of Islamic Fundamentalism 3.2. Islamic fundamentalist movements Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world and is second only to Christianity in number of adherents. Muslims live in all parts of the world, but the majority of Muslims are concentrated in the Middle East and Asia NorthRead MoreGlobalization, Russia, And Morocco s Economies2165 Words   |  9 PagesSince the 1990’s and the rise of globalization in the 1970’s, neoliberal economic change have transformed transnational markets and contributed to many social implications. This paper will explore the impacts as well as the factors that contributed and shaped the global economic changes in the post-Cold War era. This paper will also explore globalization and neoliberal economic shift through India, China, Russia, and Morocco’s economies. This paper argues Thomas Friedman’s view that while economicRead MorePoverty in Pakistan5457 Words   |  22 PagesPoverty in Pakistan Abstract: Poverty is Pakistan’s biggest problem which today’s Pakistan facing, it is interconnected with several elements which are having direct or indirect relationship with poverty. This paper is an effort to find out and discuss the elements related to poverty and it is a contribution from author to do something for his country and same time for the rest of world. Poverty in Pakistan does not affect people of Pakistan only but it has an effect on rest of world as well. TodayRead MorePost Invasion Of Iraq And The Elements Of Disaster1340 Words   |  6 PagesBritish. The revolt against the British imperial presence prompted a formation of citizenship, which relied prominently on material facts: shared, common history and land between the Jews, Christians, Shiite’s and Sunni’s. Furthermore, this research paper will be looking at post-invasion of Iraq and the elements of disaster that persisted and/or generated from the conflict. In essence, how has American mili tary intervention in Iraq affected internal cultural relativity among ethnic, political and culturalRead MoreTwo Different Prospects for the Future: Ray Bradburys and Margaret Atwood1657 Words   |  7 Pagesprotagonist Offred, a Handmaid employed by and living with a military commander, is more aware of the harsh reality of her situation, but is nonetheless rendered voiceless. Offred comes from a time when discussing date rape was a â€Å"trendy† topic for a term paper (Atwood 38), but times have changed as such that women are forbidden from reading and writing altogether. Offred speaks of an embroidered cushion in her room: â€Å"FAITH, in square print, surrounded by a wreath of lilies. [†¦] Somehow its been overlookedRead MoreCapital Punishment And Its Social Implications1463 Words   |  6 Pages The Use of Capital Punishment to Serve Justice, and its Social Implications Chloe E. Stone, Slippery Rock University Abstract This paper will provide the reader with a firm understanding of the capital punishment, and its application in the justice system. Additionally, it will explain how capital punishment in the fields of criminal justice and criminology impacts society, and those who surround these fields. Multiple publications that examine capital punishment will be analyzedRead MoreTransition to Democracy Essay2068 Words   |  9 Pagespeople were foiled by the fascist dictator who maintained a monarchy that lasted over two decades. Alongside this, upon joining the European Union it created one of the largest consistently expanding economic blocs in the world today. Thus, this paper will provide facts that show reasons for the flourishing of democracy in Spain but its fail of even beginning in Pakistan. Spain is by far one of the strongest democratic countries in Europe. Its political structure is a mix of two solid countries

Personal Narrative Short Story - 1191 Words

It was a warm summer day with good air, most kids were out riding their bikes, scooters, etc. or running around, playing tag, yet I was huddled inside, reading a good book. The sun was shining bright, yet the clouds were blocking it, acting like the filter in a juice machine, separating the good stuff from the bad stuff. The clouds let the light come in just enough so it can light up everything, but not enough to make you sweat when not doing draining activities. This made it the perfect weather to play outside (that’s why so many other kids were scootering, biking, etc.), I was gripped in the midst of my book waiting for it to go on, so I didn’t follow the other kids’ lead and go out and play. Finally, my mom got enough of me cooped up in†¦show more content†¦I’m about to take the shot. I’m seconds, no, milliseconds from putting the ball in his goal. Then, out of nowhere, my brother zips into my view. I have no time to react. Just as I sla m the ball with my foot, coursing with blood and energy (i spent all my enormous pile of extra energy on the shot), my brother slams it too. I propel forward, fueled by the extent of power from me and my brother’s putt. I’m put on a trajectory that makes me land right on the spot, precisely on the sharp edge protruding out of one of the bricks lining the border between the grass and our orange tree. Bam!, right as my chin connects with the block, making a penetrating laceration gash, I m knocked out. As I think back to that moment now, I consider that a pretty smart mover of my body/brain’s, I would die unconscious in my faint instead of slowly, with blood oozing out of the bottom of my face at a constant rate. All the turmoil was overwhelming, so I fainted. This comes to show how severe the accident could have been. I may have thought so at that time, but I was in fact not dead (if I was, how could I be writing this?). Anyways, I woke up almost right after I wa s knocked out, the rest went practically flawlessly. As I open my eyes wearily as if I just awoke from a bad night’s sleep, all I see is rotten oranges with mold, spiderwebs, dried leaves, and so on. My brother is arching over me, asking if I m ok. â€Å"Yeah, I m fine.†, I reply. I come to my senses, I push myself up, and pat theShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative Short Story1153 Words   |  5 PagesI still remember that fateful day, the day I was Stolen. It started out as a normal day at school. I’ll take you through the whole story. There is one thing you should try to figure out, who kidnapped me. â€Å"Joey, Wait up!† I yelled out. Why was he walking so fast, and not responding? It’s almost like he’s ignoring me. I started to jog, but he was already gone. I turned the other way to walk home. It was a long walk, for I lived in the country part of town. I noticed leaves crunching behind me, andRead MorePersonal Narrative : A Short Story1301 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Aww is little Airi hurt?† he says with a sarcastic tone. His let’s out his evil laugh and picks me up. â€Å"L-leave me alone.. DON’T TOUCH ME!† I scream out. â€Å"Okay† he says as he immediately drops me on the floor and drags me through the snow by my short brown hair. My legs are numb so I can’t feel my legs being cut up by the wooden porch. He lets go of my hair in the middle of the living room. This is the first time he’s ever put his hands on me and I don’t like it. My mother comes back and takesRead MorePersonal Narrative : A Sh ort Story1598 Words   |  7 PagesShadows The leaves blowing, the wind was whistling. The moon shined brighter than the sun did that morning. I looked like no other normal teenager, But I was wearing all black. Black leggings, Black jacket, Black shoes, black shirt. My hair looked like caramel, my eyes looked like a yellowish brown that shined in the moonlight. My name was nothing important to people. People say â€Å"Angelys† is a nice name but i think differently. Nothing seemed to happen, I was coming home from a friend’s house.Read MorePersonal Narrative Short Story1538 Words   |  7 Pages Seventh grade, probably dumbest person in the school. Not kidding, take a look at my report card from last semester and you’ll be shocked about how many F’s there are. I also have a really active imagination, so I just love to write and imagine stories in my head. Eileen and I start walking home from school, as I’m trying to look at all of the bruises on my face using my phone’s camera whi le we walk. â€Å"Okay, girl, you may not be the smartest person in the school, but that was probably the dumbestRead MorePersonal Narrative Short Story1415 Words   |  6 Pagesme have alcohol, and would only get me some water. At the end of the day, I had seen many people and the many occupations they all had. I saw many people from different jobs including, fishermen, merchants, importers, and bankers. I heard many stories of people’s families. As night approached, I walked out of the coffeehouse in search of somewhere to sleep. I did not want to go back to my own house because I did not want to catch yellow fever myself. So I decided to leave town, and walk all theRead MorePersonal Narrative Short Story1598 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Noooooooooo, I don’t want to!† I yelled. â€Å"I don’t care Emma, I’m going to be gone all night,† my mom said. â€Å"I am not babysitting Ally. I have track tonight.† â€Å"I bet you can make it up another day. You are babysitting your little sister tonight no matter what.† â€Å"No I’m not!† â€Å"I don’t like your attitude Emma! If you don’t babysit your little sister tonight, you can’t do track anymore!† â€Å"I hate you! I hate you! I hate you!† Then I ran out of the house slamming the door behind me. My momRead MorePersonal Narrative Story Short Story1619 Words   |  7 PagesSarah and Roger with their twins, Jules and Kendra. All of us cousins were very close in age. Stewart was the eldest, at age fourteen he was four years older than the youngest but he still hung out with us on the beach after dark. He had the best stories out of all of us. Andrew and I were the next oldest, six months apart in age in fact. The twins and Eric were the youngest. I remember the twins had just celebrated their 12th birthday that earlier that summer, while Eric’s birthday wasn’t untilRead MorePersonal Narrative Short Story1787 Words   |  8 Pagescaught by one of the S.W.A.T. officers. I remember being in a helicopter and being brought to a tower. I was led to a room with a gun pointed at my back, I wanted to run and get my life over with but I knew that my job was more important than my personal wants. I saw a man his face was handsome but his eyes held the death of hundreds. I knew that my time here was not going to be leisurely. This man began asking me questions such as what I was doing here and why I was running from the S.W.A.T. I ofRead MorePersonal Narrative Essay : A Short Story936 Words   |  4 Pageswhen I open the door of my grandma’s house my grandma asks â€Å"Are you ok?† â€Å"Your face is all red† â€Å"I’m fine,† I say. Then I run to my room trying to hide my tears. Whenever I feel bad I would always read a bedtime story book but not the ones with happy endings. So I grab are small story called anger. There was once a man who kept all his sadness and anger in him waiting to explode and finally one day he couldn’t take it anymore and all that anger exploded the end. After I read it I realized it remindedRead MoreAlice Munros an Ounce of Cure1548 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies make the link between literary techniques such as narrative and storytelling and several other disciplines. Thus, one may find the theories of narrative and storytelling extending up to several major disciplines, such as philosophy, psychology, and literary criticism. In the view of different experts in literary analyses, there is a close connection between narrative or storytelling and the definition of the nature of self and personal identity. The former has been understood as influential

Of Suitors Essay Example For Students

Of Suitors Essay Many ill matters and projects are undertaken; and private suits do putrefy the public good. Many good matters, are undertaken with bad minds; I mean not only corrupt minds, but crafty minds, that intend not performance. Some embrace suits, which never mean to deal effectually in them; but if they see there may be life in the matter, by some other mean, they will be content to win a thank, or take a second reward, or at least to make use, in the meantime, of the suitors hopes. Some take hold of suits, only for an occasion to cross some other; or to make an information, whereof they could not otherwise have apt pretext; without care what become of the suit, when that turn is served; or, generally, to make other mens business a kind of entertainment, to bring in their own. Nay, some undertake suits, with a full purpose to let them fall; to the end to gratify the adverse party, or competitor. Surely there is in some sort a right in every suit; either a right of equity, if it be a suit of controversy; or a right of desert, if it be a suit of petition. If affection lead a man to favor the wrong side in justice, let him rather use his countenance to compound the matter, than to carry it. If affection lead a man to favor the less worthy in desert, let him do it, without depraving or disabling the better deserver. In suits which a man doth not well understand, it is good to refer them to some friend of trust and judgment, that may report, whether he may deal in them with honor: but let him choose well his referendaries, for else he may be led by the nose. Suitors are so distasted with delays and abuses, that plain dealing, in denying to deal in suits at first, and reporting the success barely, and in challenging no more thanks than one hath deserved, is grown not only honorable, but also gracious. In suits of favor, the first coming ought to take little place: so far forth, consideration may be had of his trust, that if intelligence of the matter could not otherwise have been had, but by him, advantage be not taken of the note, but the party left to his other means; and in some sort recompensed, for his discovery. To be ignorant of the value of a suit, is simplicity; as well as to be ignorant of the right thereof, is want of conscience. Secrecy in suits, is a great mean of obtaining; for voicing them to be in forwardness, may discourage some kind of suitors, but doth quicken and awake others. But timing of the suit is the principal. Timing, I say, not only in respect of the person that should grant it, but in respect of those, which are like to cross it. Let a man, in the choice of his mean, rather choose the fittest mean, than the greatest mean; and rather them that deal in certain things, than those that are general. The reparation of a denial, is sometimes equal to the first grant; if a man show himself neither dejected nor discontented. Iniquum petas, ut ÃÆ'ƒÂ ¦quum feras, is a good rule, where a man hath strength of favor: but otherwise, a man were better rise in his suit; for he, that would have ventured at first to have lost the suitor, will not in the conclusion lose both the suitor, and his own former favor. Nothing is thought so easy a request to a great person, as his letter; and yet, if it be not in a good cause, it is so much out of his reputation. There are no worse instruments, than these general contrivers of suits; for they are but a kind of poison, and infection, to public proceedings.

Developing Management Capabilities

Question: Discuss about theDeveloping Management Capabilities. Answer: Teams and Groups People in organizations often come together to execute tasks together. When this occurs, it is commonly referred to as teamwork, with this collection of individuals being referred to as a group. Teams and groups are terms that are often used synonymously and interchangeably, albeit this usage is sometimes erroneous. There are distinctive differences between teams and groups, which will be explored and explicated through the following literature review. Literature Review on Groups and Teams Teams and groups are terms, which while often used interchangeably, signify distinctively different collections of people or animals. According to Morgeson, Lindoerfer and Loring (2010), a team refers to a collection of two or more people, who are interdependent, and who have shared common goals and shared accountability for their own outcomes and those of the team(Hughes Jones, 2011). Griffin, Phillips and Gully (2016) elaborate that a group is a collection of two people who interact together and mutually influence each another. A team is, therefore, in essence, an objective group. The key difference between a group and a team can therefore be thought of as the objectivity of the latter. Benefits of Teamwork Teamwork and working in teams has a variety of benefits for both the individuals gathering and the organization. For individuals, teams are an important avenue through which their belonging needs are satisfied. According to Gallie et al., (2012) teamwork has been reported to lead to increased employee satisfaction and improved productivity. On their part, Yang, Huang, Wu (2011) report that teamwork has positive influences on project success, with stakeholder success and overall project success being attained where there is stronger team communication and team cohesiveness. Usually, teams are formed with the aim of executing a particular task. As such, it is important that a team have individuals who possess the requisite skills to perform the required task. Griffin and Moorehead (2011) point out three types of skills that teams usually require. The first set of skills is technical skills, which are required to perform the job at hand. The second set of skills is problem solving and decision making skills. Finally, teams also require interpersonal skills. Technical skills pertain to the job at hand and are implicit to the realization of the job tasks. For an IT team, technical skills would include the technical knowhow such as programming. Problem solving and decision-making skills are important in orienting the team. Individuals who possess such skills enable the organization to determine its priorities and set it goals. Additionally, they also help to evaluate the various alternatives available and identify the direction that the team should take. Fin ally, interpersonal skills enable the team to have an ambience that is socially conducive for the harmonious working of all members. While these skills are highly important for the team, it is highly unlikely that all members of the team will possess each of these sets of skills. With the gradual interaction occurring in the team, however, members gradually develop proficiency in these skills. Moreover, the opportunity to learn and utilize new skills improves favorable attitudes towards teamwork(Jiang, 2010). Given the significance of each of these skillsets, it is important that while choosing a team leader, the team should select the individual who has the relatively highest aggregate of these skills. Leadership and Teamwork A team leader is like any other leader and should as such; possess the qualities of a good leader. The responsibilities of the team leader may include organization and coordination of the team, providing strategic direction and communicating with individuals outside the team. Consequently, it is essential that a team have effective leadership. Griffin, Phillips and Gully, (2016) identify two leadership needs within groups. These are task roles and socioemotional roles. DuBrin (2011) argues that the leader must not only possess context specific knowledge, but also, great interpersonal skills since leadership is highly interpersonal in nature. Another important aspect for leaders is that they should recognize differences in the personalities of members of the team and how these members work around tasks (Banutu-Gomez Rohrer, 2011). Griffin, Phillips and Gully, (2016) go on to note that leadership in a team may manifest itself in the form of a formal as well as an informal leader. Commonly, the informal leader emerges to supplement the leadership deficiencies of the formal leader. If this is the case, the informal leader has an important role to play in binding the team since according to Dirks (2000), if followers are not confident in the leader, apathy may follow. The leader should have sufficient skills and ability to inspire confidence, an attribute referred to as idealized influence(Harms Cred, 2010). Loss of employee trust in the leader can be detrimental since it leads to negative behavior and performance(Mosley Patrick, 2011). Thus, informal leadership may be important in fastening the team, where the formal leadership is deficient. Stages in Group Formation Groups and teams do not automatically emerge as coherent structures. Rather, after the formation of the group, it undergoes certain pains before it can eventually become a wholly functional unit(Griffin, Phillips, Gully, 2016). There are several theories that track group development, but most are consistent with Tuckmans five-stage model(Forsyth, 2009). Tuckmans model initially had four stages, but he later expanded it to five by adding the adjourning stage. The initial four stages in the development of groups are forming, storming, norming, and performing(Frances, 2008). During the first stage, orientation, also referred to as forming, members are coming together and really do not know each other(Forsyth, 2009). This stage is characterized ambiguity, tentative interactions, tensions, and growing interdependence. Griffin, Phillips, Gully (2016) refer to this stage as the mutual acceptance stage, where individuals share information and discuss tasks as they get to know each other. The next stage is storming, also known as the conflict stage(Forsyth, 2009). During this stage, there is a lot of conflict within the group and people begin to express their dissatisfaction and disapproval. Forsyth (2009) further indicates that at this stage, members begin to form coalition. On their part, Griffin, Phillips, Gully (2016) do not attend to the conflict aspects of this stage, which they refer to as communication and decision-making. Instead, they argue that this stage is characterized by expression of attitude and the establishment of group norms and goals. This, however, seems to be aligned more with the third stage, structure, also termed as norming. At this stage, there is increased satisfaction amongst members of the group and increased unity and cohesion(Forsyth, 2009). For their third stage, Griffin, Phillips, Gully (2016) discuss motivation and productivity where they aver that at this stage, there is increased cooperation and creativity, and people are more fo cused on their tasks. Again, aspects of this stage appear to be more consistent with the fourth stage, performing, where Tuckman argued that the groups attention shifts to focus on the tasks and the attainment of goals. An important caveat is that not all groups reach this stage, even if they are highly cohesive(Forsyth, 2009). The last stage outlined by Griffin, Phillips, Gully (2016) is control and organization, where they contend that members now work interdependently with tasks being assigned according to capability. There is also increased flexibility and self-control. The final stage appended by Tuckman is the adjourning stage, which involves the dissolution of the group(Forsyth, 2009). This stage can be planned or spontaneous. Forsyth (2009) indicates that even for planned dissolution, however, members may encounter problems as they endeavor to reduce their dependency on the group. Evaluation of Personal Attributes Several tools exist, which managers and individuals can use to assess and evaluate their own leadership and teamwork capabilities. This include the Johari window, the Big 5, ESCI and the Belbin team inventory. These tools allow an individual to gain insight into their own abilities. I used three of these tools to gain insight into my own capabilities and the following paragraphs present and review the outcomes about my own personality. The Big 5 personality test is a test that assesses five dimensions of human personality. According to this item, my personality was revealed as open to new experience and nervous/high-strung. I attained an average score on each of the other merits. This means that I am neither organized nor disorganized, neither particularly social nor reserved, and finally, neither extremely forgiving nor irritable. The second tool that I used was the ESCI personality test. ESCI refers to Emotional and Social Competence Inventory. My ESCI scores revealed that I am adaptable, empathetic, achievement oriented and oriented towards teamwork. This means that I am well capable of working within teams. My adaptability allows me settle in well within various teams and team roles. I am also able to achieve much since I am an achievement oriented individual. The final tool used is the Belbins team inventory. The Belbin test evaluates nine team roles, and provides feedback to an individual on which combination of these team roles is best suited to the individual. Based on the outcomes of the workshop assessment, I discovered that some of my skills including planning and coordinating with teammates, setting team goals and resolving team problems. In terms of team roles, I am suited for roles such as the implementor, teamworker, coordinator, and shaper. I am least suited to being a resource investigator, plant and monitor. Looking back at my test results on each of these frameworks, I feel that they indeed reflect my true personality because there appears to be a level of congruence among the results for each test. For example, the ESCI test revealed that I am adaptable and empathetic, while the Belbin inventory indicates that I am suited to being a teamworker. I feel that my empathy is one of the factors that enables me to solve team problems. Secondly, the Belbin test also indicated that another of my stronger roles is being an implementer and team shaper. I feel that this is tied to my achievement orientation as revealed by the ESCI test. My achievement orientation means that I am able to analyze tasks and determine what I would wish to achieve. This is what makes me a good fit for the role of setting team goals. One of the qualities of a shaper within a team is that they tend to be cautious about meeting deadlines and goals. I feel this is tied to the ESCI outcome of being achievement oriented. Fur thermore, a less desirable trait of the shaper is their frustration and emotional reaction. I feel that this reflects what I discovered through the Big Five personality about being nervous/high-strung. Overall, there is strong agreement between the outcomes of the various tests. Personal Action Plan Having discovered my own strengths and competencies when it comes to managing others, I believe there are a number of areas in which I can improve. The areas in which I can improve on include my nervousness and communication within teams. Under the Big Five test, I discovered that my neuroticism score is very high, indicating that I am easily emotionally stirred. I feel that this can interfere with my work as a leader and within teams. The areas where I require improvement and the course I plan to follow to do so are presented in the table below. My personal goals: How I will achieve them Barriers to Achieving My Goals Overcoming the Barrier Determination of Achievement To reduce my nervousness and become more calm and less easily emotionally instigated. Nervousness has profound negative effects on decision-making and can cause one to make poor decisions. By exposing myself to more risk and more adventure so that I become used to exciting situations. One of my Big Five scores indicated that I am open to new experiences. I will harness this attribute to expose myself to situations that are likely to increase my nervousness. By pushing myself to these limits, I will be able to train myself to manage anxiety better. I am naturally nervous and might tend to avert situations that will increase my nervousness. Focusing on the negative outcomes of situations. I believe I can overcome the barrier by focusing on the positive outcomes and asking myself what is the worst that could happen to me even if the worst came to be. In this way, I will challenge myself to discover that the negative outcome will not be so bad. When I can listen to others and comfortably ignore the impulsive urge to respond. When others can taunt me and I will not be drawn in to respond unnecessarily. To enhance my ability to communicate at the interpersonal level. In particular, I would like to improve on my listening skills. Part of the problem with my listening is that I am easily distracted by internal factors. An improvement in my interpersonal and listening skills will benefit other areas of my life such as class. I also believe that it will help to improve my nervousness since I will be able to enhance my focus. In order to improve my listening skills, I will train myself to focus on the subject of conversation more than anything else. The aim will be to reduce the effect of distractions Internal distractions and contextual emotions. In addition, my keenness to detail means that I easily get distracted by details within a venue of communication and veer off. I will begin by training myself to listen during short forums. As I successfully learn to listen, I will then grow into larger forums. I believe that the length of a forum can be overwhelming especially where it is too lengthy. As for distractions, I plan to practice with venues where I can remove potential distractions, then reintroduce them one by one. My improvement in listening will be attained when I am able to recall what was communicated to me within the context it was communicated. References Banutu-Gomez, M. B., Rohrer, W. G. (2011). Teams in Organization. The Business Review, Cambridge , 18 (1), 54-60. Dirks, K. T. (2000). Trust in Leadership and Team Performance: Evidence from NCAA Basketball. Journal of applied psychology, 85(6), 1004. DuBrin, A. J. (2011). Human relations for career and personal success: concepts, applications, and skills. 9th ed. , . Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall/Pearson. Forsyth, D. R. (2009). Group Dynamics (5 ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Frances, M. (2008). Stages of group developmenta PCP Approach. Personal Construct Theory Practice, 5, 10-18. Gallie, D., Zhou, Y., Felstead, A., Green, F. (2012). Teamwork, skill development and employee welfare. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(1), 23-46. Griffin, R. W., Phillips, J. M., Gully, S. M. (2016). Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Harms, P. D., Cred, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence and transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 17(1), 5-17. Hughes, R. L., Jones, S. K. (2011). Developing and assessing college student teamwork skills. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2011(149), 53-64. Jiang, X. (2010). How to Motivate People Working in Teams. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(10), 223-229. Morgeson, F. P., Lindoerfer, D., Loring, D. J. (2010). Developing Team Leadership Capability. In E. V. Velsor, C. McCauley, M. Ruderman (Eds.), The Center for Creative Leadership Handbook of Leadership Development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass,. Mosley, D. C., Patrick, D. K. (2011). Leadership and Followership: The Dynamic Process of Building High Performance Cultures. Organization Development Journal, 29(2), 85-100. Yang, L.-R., Huang, C.-F., Wu, K.-S. (2011). The association among project manager's leadership style, teamwork and project success. International Journal of Project Management, 3(29), 258-267.

Kotak rtgs neft free essay sample

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Snowboarding in the United States

Snowboarding in the United States Snowboarding has seemingly become one of the most popular sports in the United States, especially after the launch of the Winter Dew Tour at Colorado’s Breckenridge Ski Resort five years ago. Since then, snowboarding sport has undergone a series of evolution. For instance, new snowboarding tricks have been developed to replace or improve the old ones.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, advanced sporting equipments have been designed to advance the sport to high levels. On the other hand, some prominent riders have emerged in the last five years, leading to a steep competition among competitors in the sport. However, a number of fatal outcomes have been recorded, owing to the adoption of dangerous snowboarding tricks. Therefore, an aesthetic analysis of snowboarding appears significant for a comprehensive evaluation of the sport. In ge neral, snowboarding is believed to have recorded a remarkable progress over the last five years. Stakeholders in the snowboarding sport reaffirm that, the sport has evolved extensively to reach the highest level of progression, ever since the sport was invented. A recent report indicates â€Å"eight years ago few, if any, adaptive snowboard lessons were offered; today, there are adaptive schools at most resorts and many offer snowboard lessons along with adaptive skiing techniques† (Disabled Sports par. 44). From a practical approach, the observed progression in snowboarding is attributable to the establishment of advanced training courses and adoption of new snowboarding tricks, which have offered riders with new opportunities to endure the strenuous episodes of the sport. Ordinarily, it is believed that, popularity of snowboarding has led to the development of adaptive equipments, which are ability-oriented to suit the needs of the riders. It is claimed â€Å"as snowboardi ng grows in popularity, options in equipment and teaching aids increase† (Disabled Sports par. 36).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In recent years, snowboarding seems to have attracted more riders than it was the case one decade ago. Consequently, new snowboarders are introducing new snowboarding tricks to achieve fun and victory in the game day-by-day. Some of the new snowboarding tricks which have been developed in the last five years include the double cork and triple cork tricks. These tricks have earned several snowboarders immense prominence, owing to their success in attempting the tricks in risky environments. For instance, the double cork snowboarding trick was first attempted by Shaun White at the 2010 Winter Olympics. This trick had not been practised before, but it gained popularity in the sport after the Olympics. Richards claims â€Å"It has been no time at all since we were wowed by Shaun White throwing down double corks in Whistler’s super-pipe at the 2010 Winter Olympics; it is crazy that such an insanely technical trick was to become out-dated† (par. 1). Shaun White had faced immense competition from Kevin Pearce. Therefore, the tragic elimination of Pearce gave White high chances of achieving victory in the 2010 Winter Olympics. Shortly, after the 2010 Winter Olympics, attempts for triple corks begun in the month of May when Nils Arvidsson attempted the trick successfully although he nearly missed the footage. Torstein Horgmo was the second to attempt triple cork tricks successful in June 2010. Horgmo achieved success in trying the new trick; hence he is known to be the world’s first rider to attempt the triple cork trick in the history of snowboarding. â€Å"It was not long after the Olympics in 2010 that triple corks were being attempted. There was a lot of excitement around an attempt by Nils Ar vidsson in May 2010, the near-miss footage† (Richards par. 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is believed that, double cork and triple cork tricks are the most challenging snowboarding tricks. Since their invention, only a few snowboarders have attempted them successfully without sustaining injuries. They require extensive skills in landing to prevent injuries to the riders. Therefore, those who have attempted the tricks successfully gained auspicious acknowledgement from the snowboard team; that is probably why Dave Richards, the Operations Director of the Nonstop Club remarks that triples are â€Å"massive tricks, and [they earn] full respect to anyone who attempts them† (par. 3). The remarkable successes in double cork and triple cork tricks are regarded to as immense progress in snowboarding in the last half decade. However, thes e tricks have attracted immense criticism from the public and the sporting community across the United States, owing to their health risks. Despite the prominence accorded to the snowboarders who applied the tricks successfully with safe landings, double cork and triple cork tricks are quite dangerous. Dangers of the double cork and triple cork snowboarding tricks can be explained by the two fatal outcomes which have been reported since 2009. In the first outcome, Kevin Pearce sustained traumatic brain injury on Dec. 31, 2009 while preparing for the Vancouver Olympics, leading to a tragic end of his snowboarding career. Pearce fell from the super-pipe and hit his head on the ground while he attempted to rotate; thus, becoming unconscious, owing to the brain injury. During an interview with Rachel George early this year in February, Pearce remarked, â€Å"I was so sick and so dizzy and so gone after that† (par. 3). Pearce’s mental trauma is believed to have been caused by the two successive falls he experienced during his training for the Vancouver Olympics in which he was attempting to qualify for the U.S Olympic team (George par. 2).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second fatal outcome in snowboarding sport was the death of Sarah Burke in 2012, owing to injuries she suffered during training on Jan. 10, 2012 which was run in Park City, Utah. She had contributed immensely to the progress of snowboarding by pushing for the acceptance of super-pipe triple cork in the Olympics (DeBruin and Pells par. 2). In a brief conclusion, snowboarding has recorded remarkable progress in recent years, owing to advanced training courses. However, the two fatal outcomes involving Sarah Burke death and Kevin Pearce have aroused immense outcry from the sporting community and the public at large. It is argued that double cork and triple cork tricks expose the riders to health risks as it was the case with Kevin Pearce and Sarah Burke. Snowboarders lament that snowboarding used to be quite safe before the introduction of the double cork and triple cork tricks although minor injuries were recorded. Double cork and triple cork tricks involve a high level of athleti c skills; thus, making it difficult for new riders. Currently, the popular criticism of the risky snowboarding tricks seems to have made progress in snowboarding games, not worth appreciation. Consequently, new policy guidelines have been established to prevent unsafe practices in sports, primarily in snowboarding sport, which had not been given significant priority in the past. Ideally, progress is worth successful healthy outcomes in sporting activities. DeBruin, Lynn and Pells Eddie. Sarah Burke Dead: Skier Dies after Accident during Training at Park City, Utah. 19 Jan. 2012. Web. huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/19/sarah-burke-died-skier-canada-freestyle-park-city_n_1217001.html Disabled Sports. n.d. Snowboarding. n.d. Web. disabledsportsusa.org/snowboarding/ George, Rachel. Head Injuries a Rising Danger for Snowboarders, Skiers. 26 Feb. 2013. Web. usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2013/02/25/snowboarders-skiers-kevin-pearce-concern-concussions/1947593/ Richards D. Re: Doubles ar e so Winter Olympics 2010. 25 May, 2012. Web. nonstopsnow.com/blog/stuff-we-like/snowboardings-triple-cork-club/